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基于模糊评价法的建筑安全事故预测模型 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对建筑工程安全领域中许多对象具有"内涵明确,外延不明确"的特点,本文利用模糊数学对建筑安全事故影响因素进行度量,通过层次分析法确定各影响因素权重,提出了一种基于模糊评价法的建筑安全事故预测模型,解决了建筑生产中安全事故的即时预测,并通过实例给予说明,说明了模型在建筑安全事故预测中的有效性和实用性. 相似文献
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Gunnar Cerwén Carola Wingren Mattias Qviström 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2017,60(7):1253-1275
While soundscape is increasingly acknowledged within landscape planning and design discourse, there is little research that clarifies how soundscapes are actually dealt with in landscape architecture practice – partly owing to methodological insufficiencies. This paper, therefore, describes a model for evaluating soundscape treatment in landscape design proposals, focusing on three key aspects. With the dual aim of testing the model, and learning more about how soundscape is approached in practice, the paper spotlights a major design competition for a new cemetery in Sweden. The model proved fruitful and easy to apply. It showed that only limited attention was paid to soundscape in the competition as a whole, and was a useful means of pinpointing proposals where soundscape was fully considered as a design feature; one competition entry that did so is described in the paper. Discussions cover design practice, trends in the competition and model application. 相似文献
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Emma-Christin Lönnroth I. Eystein Ruyter 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(4):497-509
Dental personnel manually handle methacrylate-based restorative materials, which can cause skin irritation and allergies. The protection given by different types of medical gloves is not well known. Breakthrough time (BTT, min) was used as a measure of protection according to a European standard, using 2 test mixtures consisting of respectively 3 and 5 monomers. Fourteen gloves representing natural rubber latex, synthetic rubber, and synthetic polymeric material were tested. The BTT ranged from some minutes to more than 2 hrs for the 4 monomers with a molecular mass less than 300. The longest protection was recorded for Nitra Touch (nitrile rubber), Tactylon (synthetic rubber), and Metin (PVC). 相似文献
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建筑节能与气候条件分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过建筑采暖与气象条件、建筑通风气象条件及空调设计与气象条件等的分析,论述了建筑节能与气候条件的关系.分析了内蒙古不同地区冬夏季气候特征,给出冬季采暖度日和寒冷、炎热日数等气象要素参数,提出了不同气候区居住建筑节能设计措施和建议. 相似文献
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M. Wirts D. Grunwald D. Schulze E. Uhde T. Salthammer 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2003,37(39-40):5467
The time course of isocyanate emission from curing polyurethane (PUR) resins and adhesives was studied in two different emission test chambers. The measured emissions were strongly dependent on the type of experiment. The adhesives under investigation contained different types of diisocyanates and are used for different applications, e.g. for fixing of textile floor coverings. The influence of the curing mechanism on emission was studied by comparing the emission curves of one-component adhesives (OCA) and two-component adhesives (TCA). For TCA, the decrease in isocyanate emission was found to follow a two-step process during curing. In the first step, the emission is dominated by surface evaporation, and the decay of emission is mainly caused by the decrease in monomer content due to reaction. In the second step, the release is limited by internal diffusion. The influence of monomer reactivity on the emission profile could be demonstrated for 2,4′- and 4,4′-MDI. The less-reactive 2,4′-MDI caused prolonged emission. A strong dependence of emission rates on temperature and adhesive viscosity was also obvious. The evaluation of emission rates of different commercially available PUR adhesives showed the highest emission from systems that are applied at high temperatures. The high reactivity of diisocyanates requires special techniques for sampling and analysis. Therefore, an analytical method using HPLC–MS/MS was developed that enables limits of quantitation of <5 ng/m3 with a sampling volume of 100 l. 相似文献
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为了探索不干胶类包装废弃物的热解特性,采用热重分析手段分析了不同升温速率条件下不干胶类废弃物的失重特点,并且采用Ozawa法和KAS法比较分析不同转化率条件下的表观活化能分布.热重分析结果表明,不干胶类废弃物的热解主要分为3个阶段:第1阶段(室温~ 200℃)为不干胶类废弃物的干燥阶段,第2阶段(200 ~ 590℃)为热解的主要阶段,第3阶段(590 ~800℃)为热解半焦的深度热解阶段.升温速率对热解失重率有重要影响,Ozawa法和KAS法计算结果表明,2种方法计算的热解活化能比较接近,Ozawa法得到的活化能为349.9 kJ/mol,KAS法得到的活化能为336.9kJ/mol;并且不干胶类废弃物的热解表观活化能呈现出阶段性分布. 相似文献